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Table of Contents

Below is a list of America's Constitutors, comprising the national figures who played a direct role in shaping the United States between 1774 and 1790. This list covers six pivotal assemblies: the First Continental Congress, the Second Continental Congress, the signing of the Declaration of Independence, the United States in Congress Assembled (the Congress of the Confederation), the Philadelphia Convention (the Constitutional Convention), and the state ratifying conventions for the federal Constitution.

In total, 1,969 men participated in these six key assemblies. Excluding the state ratifying conventions, the number is 360. These men represented the political elite of the emerging nation, though hundreds of thousands of other men and women also contributed—and in many cases sacrificed—for American independence.

For reference in the list below:

  • First CC = First Continental Congress

  • Second CC = Second Continental Congress

  • DI = Declaration of Independence

  • USCA = United States in Congress Assembled

  • PC = Philadelphia Convention (Constitutional Convention) — an * indicates they participated but did not sign the Constitution

  • SRC = State Ratifying Convention

 

Voting in the ratifying conventions is indicated as:

  • (Y) = voted for the Constitution

  • (N) = voted against

  • (A) = absent

  • (NV) = present but did not vote

Table of Contents

America's Constitutors

Connecticut
Delaware
Georgia
Maryland
Massachusetts
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
North Carolina
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Virginia

Connecticut

Count
Name
First CC
Second CC
DI
USCA
PC
SRC
1
Roger Sherman
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
2
Eliphalet Dyer
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
3
Silas Deane
Participated
Participated
4
William Williams
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
5
Oliver Wolcott
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
6
Samuel Huntington
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
7
Richard Law
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
8
Andrew Adams
Participated
9
Titus Hosmer
Participated
10
Oliver Ellsworth
Participated
Participated
Participated *
Participated (Y)
11
Jesse Root
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
12
Joseph Spencer
Participated
13
Benjamin Huntington
Participated
Participated
14
James Wadsworth
Participated
15
Joseph Platt Cooke
Participated
16
William Samuel Johnson
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
17
Stephen Mix Mitchell
Participated
Participated (Y)
18
Jonathan Sturges
Participated
Participated (Y)
19
Pierpont Edwards
Participated
Participated (Y)
20
Jeremiah Wadsworth
Participated
Participated (Y)

Delaware

Count
Name
First CC
Second CC
DI
USCA
PC
SRC
1
Thomas McKean
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated
2
George Read
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated
3
Caesar Rodney
Participated
Participated
Participated
4
James Sykes
Participated
Participated (Y)
5
Nicholas Dyke
Participated
Participated
6
John Dickinson
Participated
Participated
Participated
7
Thomas Rodney
Participated
8
Philemon Dickinson
Participated
9
Samuel Wharton
Participated
10
Eleazer McComb
Participated
11
James Tilton
Participated
12
Gunning Bedford Jr.
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)

Georgia

Count
Name
First CC
Second CC
DI
USCA
PC
SRC
1
Archibald Bulloch
Participated
2
John Houstoun
Participated
3
John Zubly
Participated
4
Lyman Hall
Participated
Participated
5
Button Gwinnett
Participated
Participated
6
George Walton
Participated
Participated
Participated
7
Nathan Brownson
Participated
Participated (Y)
8
Joseph Wood
Participated
9
Edward Langworthy
Participated
10
John Walton
Participated
11
William Pierce
Participated
Participated
Participated*
12
Edward Telfair
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)

Maryland

Count
Name
First CC
Second CC
DI
USCA
PC
SRC
1
Samuel Chase
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated (N)
2
Robert Goldsborough IV
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
3
Thomas Johnson
Participated
Participated
4
William Paca
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
5
Matthew Tilghman
Participated
Participated
6
John Hall
Participated
7
John Rogers
Participated
8
Robert Alexander
Participated
9
Charles Carroll
Participated
10
Benjamin Rumsey
Participated
11
Charles Carroll of Carrollton
Participated
Participated
12
William Smith
Participated

Massachusetts

Count
Name
First CC
Second CC
DI
USCA
PC
SRC
1
John Adams
Participated
Participated
Participated
2
Samuel Adams
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
3
Thomas Cushing
Participated
Participated
4
Robert Paine
Participated
Participated
Participated
5
John Hancock
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
6
Elbridge Gerry
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated *
7
Francis Dana
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
8
James Lovell
Participated
Participated
9
Samuel Holten
Participated
Participated
Participated (A)
10
George Patridge
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
11
Artemas Ward
Participated
Participated
12
Samuel Osgood
Participated

New Hampshire

Count
Name
First CC
Second CC
DI
USCA
PC
SRC
1
Nathaniel Folsom
Participated
Participated
2
John Sullivan
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
3
John Langdon
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
4
Josiah Bartlett
Participated
Participated
Participated (N)
5
Matthew Thornton
Participated
Participated
6
William Whipple
Participated
Participated
7
George Frost
Participated
8
John Wentworth Jr.
Participated
9
Woodbury Langdon
Participated
10
Nathaniel Peabody
Participated
11
Samuel Livermore
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
12
John Taylor Gilman
Participated
Participated (Y)

New Jersey

Count
Name
First CC
Second CC
DI
USCA
PC
SRC
1
Stephane Crane
Participated
Participated
2
John Hart
Participated
Participated
Participated
3
James Kinsey
Participated
Participated
4
William Livingston
Participated
Participated
Participated
5
Richard Smith
Participated
Participated
6
John Hart
Participated
7
Francis Hopkinson
Participated
Participated
8
Richard Stockon
Participated
Participated
9
Jonathan Sergeant
Participated
10
Abraham Clark
Participated
Participated
Participated
11
John Witherspoon
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
12
Jonathan Elmer
Participated
Participated

New York

Count
Name
First CC
Second CC
DI
USCA
PC
SRC
1
John Alsop
Participated
Participated
2
Simon Boerum
Participated
Participated
3
James Duane
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
4
William Floyd
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated
5
John Haring
Participated
Participated
Participated (N)
6
John Jay
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
7
Philip R. Livingston
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
8
Isaac Low
Participated
9
Henry Winser Sr.
Participated
Participated
Participated (N)
10
George Clinton
Participated
Participated (A)
11
Robert R. Livingston
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
12
Lewis Morris Sr.
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)

North Carolina

Count
Name
First CC
Second CC
DI
USCA
PC
SRC
1
Richard Caswell
Participated
Participated
Elected, died before attending
2
Joseph Hewes
Participated
Participated
Participated
3
William Hooper
Participated
Participated
Participated
4
John Penn
Participated
Participated
5
Cornelius Hornet
Participated
6
Thomas Burke
Participated
Participated
7
John Williams
Participated
8
Whitmell Hill
Participated
9
Allen Jones
Participated
10
William Sharpe
Participated
Participated
11
Willie Jones
Participated
12
Samuel Johnston
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)

Pennsylvania

Count
Name
First CC
Second CC
DI
USCA
PC
SRC
1
Edward Biddle
Participated
Participated
2
John Dickinson
Participated
Participated
3
Joseph Galloway
Participated
4
Charles Humphreys
Participated
Participated
5
Thomas Miffin
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated
6
John Morton
Participated
Participated
Participated
7
Samuel Rhoads
Participated
8
George Ross
Participated
Participated
Participated
9
Andrew Allen
Participated
10
Benjamin Franklin
Participated
Participated
Participated
11
Thomas Willing
Participated
12
James Wilson
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)

Rhode Island

Count
Name
First CC
Second CC
DI
USCA
PC
SRC
1
Stephen Hopkins
Participated
Participated
Participated
2
Samuel Ward
Participated
Participated
3
William Ellery
Participated
Participated
Participated
4
Henry Marchant
Participated
Participated (Y)
5
John Collins
Participated
Participated
6
Ezekiel Cornell
Participated
Participated
7
Daniel Mowry Jr.
Participated
Participated
8
James Mitchell Varnum
Participated
Participated
9
Jonathan Arnold
Participated
10
David Howell
Participated
11
James Manning
Participated
12
Nathan Miller
Participated

South Carolina

Count
Name
First CC
Second CC
DI
USCA
PC
SRC
1
Christopher Gadsden
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
2
Thomas Lynch
Participated
Participated
3
Henry Middleton
Participated
Participated
4
Edward Rutledge
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
5
John Rutledge
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
6
Thomas Lynch Jr.
Participated
Participated
7
Arthur Middleton
Participated
Participated
Participated
8
Thomas Hayward Jr.
Participated
Participated
9
Henry Laurens Sr.
Participated
Participated (Y)
10
William Drayton
Participated
11
Richard Hutson
Participated
Participated (Y)
12
John Matthews
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)

Virginia

Count
Name
First CC
Second CC
DI
USCA
PC
SRC
1
George Washington
Participated
Participated
Participated
2
Benjamin Harrison
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated (N)
3
Patrick Henry
Participated
Participated
Participated (N)
4
Richard Lee
Participated
Participated
Participated
Participated
5
Edmund Pendleton
Participated
Participated
Participated (Y)
6
Peyton Randolph
Participated
Participated
7
Richard Bland
Participated
Participated
8
Thomas Jefferson
Participated
Participated
Participated
9
George Wythe
Participated
Participated
Participated*
Participated (Y)
10
Thomas Nelson Jr.
Participated
Participated
11
Francis Lee
Participated
Participated
12
Carter Braxton
Participated
Participated
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