James Madison (March 16, 1751 – June 28, 1836) was an American statesman, political theorist, and Founding Father who played a central role in drafting and ratifying the United States Constitution, earning him the title “Father of the Constitution.” He co-authored the influential The Federalist Papers with Alexander Hamilton and John Jay, helped draft the Bill of Rights, and served as the fourth President of the United States from 1809 to 1817.

James Monroe (April 28, 1758 – July 4, 1831) was the fifth President of the United States, serving from 1817 to 1825, and was the last of the Founder-Presidents. A veteran of the Revolutionary War, he held numerous offices including senator, governor of Virginia, minister to France, and secretary of state and war under James Madison. His presidency is best known for the “Era of Good Feelings” and the Monroe Doctrine, which asserted U.S. opposition to further European colonization in the Americas.

John Quincy Adams (July 11, 1767 – February 23, 1848) was the sixth President of the United States (1825–1829) and the son of second President John Adams. He was a highly educated diplomat who served as minister to multiple European powers and played a key role in negotiating the Treaty of Ghent, which ended the War of 1812. After his presidency, he served for nearly two decades in the House of Representatives, where he became a leading opponent of slavery and a defender of civil liberties.

Andrew Jackson (1767–1845) was an American soldier, lawyer, statesman, and the seventh president of the United States, serving from 1829 to 1837. Rising from humble origins on the Carolina frontier, he gained national fame as a military commander during the War of 1812, particularly for his victory at the Battle of New Orleans. As president, Jackson expanded popular participation in politics and championed the interests of the common voter, but his legacy remains controversial.